In 2024, The Complete Guide to Vivo X90S FRP Bypass Everything You Need to Know
The Complete Guide to Vivo X90S FRP Bypass: Everything You Need to Know
If you are looking for Vivo FRP bypass tools then it means that either you have forgotten your Google ID and password details or have purchased a refurbished device having FRP lock. So, now when you have already landed in a situation the only thing you can now do is find the solution and for this core purpose, we are here to help you. To bypass the Google account Vivo, you would a tool or a program specially designed for the task.
There are many ways in which you can bypass the FRP lock. Some of these techniques may require a PC, while others won’t. Similarly, some may help you bypass the FRP lock without paying anything, while others may charge a certain sum for the process.
With so many variations, settling down with only one option is challenging. For this reason, we have curated a complete guide on this to avoid further complications.
Part 1: What is FRP lock on Vivo?
Almost all smartphones come with multiple built-in security and protection features to ensure no 3rd party operator or tool can access the data stored in the system memory or the Vivo X90S device. However, if someone initiates the factory reset in your Vivo smartphone, the person will easily access everything in the Vivo X90S device and the system.
This is where the FRP or factory reset protection program comes in. It is a built-in safety feature in smartphones that lock the Vivo X90S device as soon as a factory reset is initiated or the user does not enter valid credentials for the Google account. Once the lock is activated, deactivation is very difficult, and it requires the credentials to access the system once again.
As a result, the user cannot restore the Vivo X90S device to its default mode through a factory reset and wipe every data from both system and device memory. The FRP program has proven beneficial for optimal data protection from piracy and unauthorized access. This way, even if you lose your phone or it gets stolen, no one will be able to initiate the reset program to wipe everything from the Vivo X90S device.
The FRP program is not available on all smartphones from Vivo. Suppose you want to check whether it is compatible with your smartphone model, open settings from your phone, and go to the Vivo X90S device information section. There, you will be able to see the factory reset option.
Part 2: 8 Ways to bypass Google locks on Vivo phone
Although the factory reset protection program and the lock are beneficial to keep your device safe from other people’s hands, sometimes it can cause problems for you also. For example, if you forget the Google account credentials, you won’t be allowed to access a device due to the activation of the FRP lock.
That’s why it’s better to use the bypassing concept of FRP lock in your Vivo phone. The following section will introduce you to the best and result-oriented methods for bypassing the Google lock and paving the way for unrestricted access to the Vivo X90S device and system.
Process | Free or paid | Limitations | With or without a PC |
---|---|---|---|
Reset all your settings in Safe Mode | Free | Needs safe mode | Without PC |
Emergency Call | Free | For Android 5 or less | Without PC |
QuickShortcutMaker APK | Free | Need Google credentials | Without PC |
TalkBack | Free | Not compatible with the recent android version | Without PC |
Vivo FRP Tool | Free | Need fast boot mode | With PC |
Vivo FRP Eraser | Paid | Have to purchase the key | With PC |
Vivo FRP & ID Bypass Tool | Free | Dependency on PC | With PC |
2.1 How to Bypass Google Account on Vivo without PC?
If you are looking for a solution to bypass Google Account on your Vivo device without a PC, there are 4 ways that will work as decent solutions. These methods all have their limitations, you can choose the one that is most suitable for you.
1. Reset all your settings in Safe Mode
One of the easiest and most basic ways of bypassing the FRP lock is by enabling the safe mode on your mobile and proceeding with a factory reset of all the settings. This will erase the data, especially the current Google account, which is incorporated within the phone. Once everything is related, the settings will be restored to their original form or the default value. This will allow you to have unhindered access to the Vivo X90S device, as the FRP lock will get disabled due to settings reset.
Pros
- It is the easiest way to bypass the FRP lock.
- It does not take much time for the lock to get disabled
- Sounds like a fantastic process for unlocking your mobile on the go
Cons
- Remove all other changes you have done to the Vivo X90S device settings
Limitations
This method is possible only if you can access the safe mode of the mobile or you don’t have any significant change saved in the Vivo X90S device settings.
Tips: Are you struggling to unlock your Vivo device? Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) is the solution you need. With the ability to remove pattern, PIN, password, and fingerprint locks, it’s user-friendly for everyone. Easily bypass your Vivo lock screen, whether you’ve forgotten your password or have a locked second-hand Vivo device. Plus, it works even when your screen is broken. Get access now!
2. Emergency Call
Another standard method of bypassing the factory reset program on the mobile is through an emergency dialer. It is very easy to use, and you don’t require any technical knowledge. However, there are certain limitations that you should be aware of before you use the emergency dialer to bypass the FRP lock and gain access to the Vivo X90S device.
Steps for FRP unlock Vivo using the emergency dialer
- Step 1: Click on the emergency dialer option from your home screen to show that the number pad comes into view. Once you have access to the numbers, dial * or any other numeral multiple times.
- Step 2: Repeat the process multiple times till you fail to watch the series anymore on the emergency dialer.
- Step 3: Return to your mobile lock screen and click on the camera icon. As soon as the camera opens, pull down the notification tab from above and click on the gear symbol. This will give you access to the Vivo X90S device settings.
- Step 4: There will be a password prompt screen where you must paste the number string you copied from the emergency dialer. Repeat the process multiple times until the interface crashes followed by unlocking the lock screen.
- Step 5: Once done, wait for a couple of seconds before the camera crashes and gives you unhindered access to the Vivo X90S device. As soon as the camera crashes, the home page will appear on your device, and you can use it.
Pros
- It is the easiest process for unlocking the phone
- You don’t have to reset the settings
- No technical knowledge is involved in this process
Cons
- Lengthy and time-consuming
Limitations
It is applicable only for smartphones with Android version 5 or less.
3. QuickShortcutMaker APK
Another method of bypassing your device’s FRP lock is using the QuickShortcutMaker APK . This app is available in the Google Play store, where you can download it to bypass the factory reset protection program and access your device within minutes.
Step-by-step use
- **Step 1:**Switch on your FRP device and connect it to the WiFi network. This way you can have access to the Internet.
- Step 2: Open the quick shortcut maker apk and search for Google account manager.
- Step 3: A long list will be displayed from where you must select Google account manager to access the expanded menu.
- Step 4: From the options, select the one showing the type of email and password.
- Step 5: Once done, a new window will open where you need to click on Try.
- Step 6: When the white page appears for re-typing the password, click on the 3 dots present at the top right corner.
- Step 7: Select the browser sign-in option and enter your Google ID with the password. Finish the entire process and then restart your Android device.
- Step 8: Once you restart the Vivo X90S device and the Google account is added, the FRP lock will automatically get bypassed.
Pros
- It is pretty easy to bypass the FRP lock
- Fast and result effective process
- You need to have the application
Cons
- Internet connection is required
Limitations
You can use this method only if you remember your Google ID and password. This method is not for you if you don’t have the credentials over cannot remember the actual password.
4. TalkBack
Talkback is another beautiful application through which you can unlock the FRP protection system on your mobile. It is powered by Google and comes embedded with the operating system. As a result, you don’t have to download any 3rd party tool to bypass the factory reset protection program.
Step -by-step use
- Step 1: Connect an Android device to the WiFi network and return to the welcome screen. Click the home button price to activate the Talkback feature of the operating system.
- Step 2: Draw an L on the main screen and then swipe to the right. Several options will appear out of which you need to double tap on the Talkback option.
- Step 3: There will be an option to say speak when the screen is off. Please enable it and then draw another l on the screen. Click on pause feedback and then on OK to suspend the entire Talkback process.
- Step 4: Click the help and feedback option and type in the search icon for voice search. Once the voice option appears, please select it and click on get started with Voice Access.
- Step 5: Play the video tutorial and then click the share button. There will be 3 dots underneath, which you need to tap. Once you do so, you will be directed to the official website over the application of YouTube.
- Step 6: Pause the video and click on the 3 dots at the screen’s top right corner. Click on the terms and privacy policy option.
- Step 7: Choose a feasible browser from the decided list to bypass the FRP lock successfully.
Pros
- Does not need any Google account credential
- Allows you to access the previous account saved on the Vivo X90S device
- No need to download any 3rd party tool
Cons
- Time-consuming process
Limitations
It is a bit difficult, and you won’t be able to access it in any recent Android version. Also, the mobile needs to be connected to the WiFi network for the Talkback feature to work seamlessly.
2.2. How to Bypass Google Account on Vivo with PC ?
1. Vivo FRP Tool
One of the best tools that you can use to bypass the Factory Reset Protection lock is the Vivo FRP Tool. It is easy to use and doesn’t involve too many complicated steps. Plus, it is compatible with most Vivo models, giving you the leverage to access your device without removing or deleting any further data.
Step-by-step use
- **Step 1:**The first step is to put your device in fast boot mode. To do so, face down the volume down button for a couple of seconds, automatically initiating the fast boot mode.
- **Step 2:**Now, you have to extract the zip file of the Vivo FRP Tool and then open the tool.
- Step 3: It needs to display a comment-like device connected. If you see the comment, click on it as FRP, and the block will get disabled in the fast boot mode.
Pros
- Amazing process for the beginners
- Reboot is done in a couple of steps only
- No data will be lost
Cons
- You have to put your device in the fast boot mode
Limitations
You cannot use this tool until you put the Vivo X90S device on the fast boot mode.
2. Vivo FRP Eraser
This is probably the most accessible tool to remove the FRP lock from your Vivo smartphone.
Step-by-step use
- Step 1: You must download the tool and install Vivo Phone Drivers on your PC.
- Step 2: Now, open the app and put the smartphone in Fastboot Mode.
- Step 3: Enter the license key in the FRP PWD box and click on FRP Unlock.
- **Step 4:**It will take a couple of minutes for the unlocking process to get over.
Pros
- Easy to use
- Unlocks the Vivo X90S device within seconds
Cons
- Need to purchase the key
Limitations
You need to get the key after purchasing it.
3. Vivo FRP & ID Bypass Tool
This is a free application from Vivo. You can easily bypass the FRP lock and access your device. However, you will require your PC to download the lock tool, especially the latest version.
Step-by-step use
- **Step 1:**Open your PC and extract the Vivo FRP and ID lock tool. Now run VivoFRP&IDBypassTool.xe as the admin.
- Step 2: Once the program launches, connect your phone to the PC through a USB cable. Then, open the tool.
- Step 3: As the tool opens, click on read info and enable the ADB option. It usually takes around 22 seconds maximum to allow the ADB to function on your smartphone, automatically rebooting the entire device.
- Step 4: A pop-up option will show where you need to click on allow USB debugging.
- Step 5: Click on the check device from the bypass tool on your PC.
- Step 6:Then, select the Bypass FRP and ID option. Once done, you can access your phone because the FRP lock will get bypassed.
Pros
- Does not require any money
- The fastest and most straightforward process of bypassing
- No involvement of Google account or its credentials
Cons
- You need to download the file and install it on your PC
Limitations
The major limitation of this process is its dependency on a computer or laptop. Next, you won’t be able to reboot your device until and unless you connect it to the PC through the USB cable. Some data can get lost due to the automatic reboot system.
Tips:
One of the best ways to bypass FRP lock is to disable it beforehand. To do so, go to your settings and click the accounts option. All the accounts like WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, and Google will open up. Click on Google and remove all the saved and active Google accounts. This will automatically disable the FRP lock.
Bonus Tip: How to Unlock Vivo Screen Lock without Google Account?
The above-listed methods in part 2 as well as part 3 are not only lengthy but also quite complicated. Moreover, the different way has different limitation and the process of bypassing the lock is complicated and lengthy.
safe & secure
So, for the users who are having issues with Android screen lock, but looking for a simpler yet functional tool, we recommend Dr. Fone-Screen Unlock as the best option. This Windows and Mac-based software is trusted by people across the globe as it helps remove all types of screen locks PIN, password, pattern, as well as a fingerprint in a hassle-free quick manner.
Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android)
Get into Locked Vivo Phones within Minutes
- 4 screen lock types are available: pattern, PIN, password & fingerprints.
- It’s the only solution available that works with both Windows and Mac to help you regain access to your device easily.
- Everybody can handle it without any technical background.
- Provide specific removal solutions to promise good success rate.
4,008,669 people have downloaded it
The program can be used without worrying about any malware or virus. Steps for removing screen lock using Dr. Fone-Screen Unlock (Android)
- Step 1. Launch the software on your system and choose Screen Unlock from the main interface.
- Step 2. Next, connect your phone to your system using a USB cable and then select Unlock Android Screen option.
- Step 3. Select Vivo from the list of the supported devices.
- Step 4. Choose “100% Remove Screen lock” after taping Vivo icon. Dr.Fone will start to unlock your Vivo phone screen after getting into the specific mode. And then wait for the unlock process to complete.
Conclusion
In this section, we have described the multiple processes for bypassing FRP locks on Vivo. You can try out the app solutions available for this task on your phone, and follow each step cautiously. For overall benefits, try the Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) option.
Overall, choose the best option according to your convenience and start working on the unlocking process.
Full Guide to Bypass Vivo X90S FRP
I updated my Vivo X90S to the latest Android, and now it’s stuck on FRP lock. I don’t know how to Bypass the Pixel FRP lock, which is annoying because I have to finish an assignment. How should I do it?
The FRP lock is one of Google’s security methods for Android devices. It keeps unapproved people from erasing your phone data. However, an update or unidentified issue may sometimes lock your phone without warning. Just like the case above, it can be an unpleasant experience. Therefore, this Vivo X90S FRP bypass article will show you some ways to bypass it.
The Google FRP lock is not a new issue and can occur to almost any Android user. If you neglect to disable the Factory Reset Protection before a reset, Google will lock your phone. Therefore, you will have to bypass the Google account to resolve it.
Part 1: 3 Ways to Bypass Vivo X90S FRP
1. Download FRP Bypass APK (OTG Cable Needed)
The use of OTG for bypassing the Google FRP lock on Vivo X90S after a hard reset is a great technique to bypass the Google account lock.
Before we get to the guide, you need an Android OTG cable, fast Wi-Fi, and a PC.
If you do, follow these steps to start bypassing your Google account:
Step 1. Download the FRP bypass APK on your PC.
Step 2. Move (by copying) the APK document to your flash drive.
Step 3. Utilize the OTG cable to connect your Pixel phone and flash drive.
Step 4. Install the APK document on your Pixel device when the file manager application springs up.
Step 5. The phone Settings will presently be accessible for you to open.
Step 6. Look for and select the “Backup and Reset” choice.
Step 7. Select the “Factory Data Reset and then Reset everything from the phone. That will delete all the phone’s media files, settings, apps, and accounts.
Step 8. Your Pixel phone will reboot, and you won’t see the FRP lock.
2. Use Pin Lock Sim to Access Chrome
Step 1: Start the cycle by eliminating the SIM card from your Pixel device. Presently connect it to Wi-Fi.
Step 2: Insert the SIM card once more. Mistype your PIN code multiple times.
Step 3: You will be approached to give your PUK code straightaway. Continue to type wrong PUK numbers until the SIM card becomes unusable.
Step 4: Tap the padlock symbol on the lock screen to open another menu choice. You will see the warning setting choice at the top corner of the screen.
Step 5: Select the See All options. Search for the YouTube App and afterward go to Settings and open History and Privacy to access the Youtube ToS.
Step 6: This will open the Chrome Browser, where you select Accept and Continue. Then, at that point, pick Next > No Thanks.
Step 7: Find a dependable FRP bypass tool to unlock FRP on the program. Go to Security from Setting and open Pin Windows. Then use the Screen lock type to Unpin the SIM.
Step 8: Restart your device after setting up a PIN code. You can utilize your Pixel without marking into your underlying Google account.
Bonus Tip. Use Dr.Fone-Screen Unlock (For Other Android phones)
We have presented numerous FRP methods in this guide. Nonetheless, they might fail to tackle the issue some of the time. There is no question that a bypass tool will be a lot more straightforward and speedier. Therefore, we strongly recommend you use the Wondershare Dr.Fone Bypass FRP tool for a less complex and quicker strategy. Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) is a speedy, easy-to-use FRP bypass for you to get rid of the Google issue. It lets you access your home screen once more. Here are the needed steps for bypassing the Google FRP lock:
Step 1: Open the software, connect your phone and PC and pick Screen Unlock. Then click on Screen Unlock > Android > Remove Google FRP Lock.
Step 2: Pick your device’s brand and click Start.
Step 3: Once you choose the Vivo X90S device brand, Dr.Fone will commence the download of the necessary driver.
Step 4: After the download is complete, the procedure to eliminate the FRP lock will initiate, requiring a few minutes. Once the lock is successfully removed, tap Done to finalize the process.
safe & secure
Part 2: Definition of Vivo X90S FRP
Factory Reset Protection (FRP) includes security on Android gadgets with OS Version 5.1 and higher. The FRP gives an underlying security highlight you can utilize that safeguards your gadget and data, including screen locks and data encryptions. The FRP automatically works once a Google account has been logged in on the phone. However, it will stop working when the Google account is removed from the Pixel phone preceding the Factory Data Reset. When the FRP has been enacted, it will not let others use your phone after a Factory Reset in an untrusted environment. It implies that the FRP Lock will come into play if your Pixel gets Factory Reset in an unrecognized way.
Part 3: Can factory reset really remove FRP?
To remove FRP, you must remove all Google accounts from your Pixel phone. After doing so, you can factory reset it to clear all your data. So technically, you need to remove all the accounts, and yes, a factory reset will work.
The Bottom Line
This Vivo X90S FRP bypass article gives an insight into the methods you can use to remove the FRP lock. However, if you have a other Android brand phone, the best one of all methods is using Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) . It delivers solutions for those who don’t know the OS variant of their phone. Its interface is easy to understand and has clear instructions. Moreover, bypassing the FRP lock is just a matter of a few minutes for it.
The Updated Method to Bypass Vivo X90S FRP
Android smartphones have a security feature called FRP (Factory Reset Protection) that shields user data from theft or loss. Like other manufacturers, Vivo uses FRP as a security feature to make sure that, in the event of a factory reset, only the original owner with the Google account credentials linked with the Vivo X90S device would be able to access the Vivo X90S device. This aids in preventing the Vivo X90S device’s theft or unauthorized use.
FRP, however, can also be a problem if a user forgets their Google account login information or loses access to their device. Our step-by-step method will walk you through the most effective ways to bypass FRP on Vivo X90S devices in 2023, ensuring you can regain access to your device without any hassle. Say goodbye to FRP Xiaomi and Vivo X90S FRP challenges with our complete method.
We have included more than two ways to unlock your mobile without any hassle and complication. Just follow this guide, and you will regain access to your device in no time.
Part 1: Precautions To Take Before and After FRP Bypass?
Precautions are necessary for a safe and effective process when overcoming FRP (Factory Reset Protection) on your Vivo X90S device. In order to safeguard your data, guarantee device performance, and maintain device security, we’ll highlight the essential steps you should take before the Vivo FRP bypass.
Precautions:
- Backup Your Data: In order to prevent data loss during FRP bypass, be sure to back up all vital information from your smartphone, including contacts, pictures, videos, and documents, to a secure location.
- Charge the battery: To prevent any delays during the FRP bypass procedure, ensure your device has enough battery life or is connected to a charger.
- **Conduct Thorough Research:**To prevent any potential threats or damage to your device, conduct thorough research and follow instructions from reliable sources or respected guidelines.
Part 2: How to remove Vivo X90S FRP with the most reliable software - Dr.Fone?
Wondershare Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) is well-known for its ease to use and data-security. The Unlock Android Factory Reset Protection feature helps you enter home screen without effort. Dr.Fone not only supports Vivo FRP bypass, it also supports other device brands, such as Samsung , OPPO , etc.
Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android)
Vivo X90S FRP Lock Removal Made Easy
- Pattern, PIN, password, fingerprints & face screen lock can all be unlocked.
- Bypass Android FRP lock without a PIN or Google account.
- Unlock mainstream Android brands like Samsung, Redmi, Xiaomi, etc.
- No tech knowledge required, Simple, click-through, process.
3,981,454 people have downloaded it
Check the following steps to see how to bypass Vivo FRP with Wondershare Dr.Fone.
Step 1: Launch Wondershare Dr.Fone first and choose Toolbox > Screen Unlock > Android.
Step 2: Select Remove Google FRP Lock.
Step 3: Choose Vivo among the Vivo X90S device brands.
Step 4: Dr.Fone will start to download driver. And then turn off the Vivo X90S device and connect to the computer. During the connecting process, please keep pressing Volume Up and Down button simultaneously for around 3 seconds.
Step 5: Wait for a few minutes and when it’s done, click Done button.
Part 3: How To Bypass Vivo X90S FRP in Traditional Method
With each phone, operating system, and version of Android having its own technique, bypassing Vivo FRP on the most recent versions of Google’s operating system is becoming increasingly challenging. You can use the FRP bypass software that works with your device to employ the free FRP bypass approach.
- Click Add Network at the bottom of the screen in network settings.
- In the SSID field, type any random text you like and long-press to pick it. To share it with Gmail, tap the share icon. Tap Notifications > Additional Settings on the App Info screen.
- Click the three dots in the top right corner and select “Help and Feedback.”
- Open the search bar and type “Delete and disable apps on Android.” Tap “Tap to go to Application Settings” on the following screen.
- Enable the Accessibility Menu Shortcut by selecting Settings > Additional Settings > Accessibility > Accessibility menu.
- Repeat the back button to go back to the App info screen. Click More, then select Show System.
- Tap Disable and Disable app after choosing Android setup, then tap Force stop and OK.
- Return to the App info screen and select Carrier Services. Then, select Disable and Disable app. Finally, select Force to stop and OK.
- Go back to the App info screen, choose Google Play Services, and then touch Disable to remove the app. Click OK after tapping Force Stop.
- To get back to the Connect to the Network screen, press the back button and the Next icon.
- Tap the person icon in the lower-right corner of the screen to access Google Assistant > Settings on the Checking for Updates page. To access the Google Play services App information page, repeat this process numerous times. To enable Google Play Services, select Enable.
- Wait until the procedure is finished before going back to the Checking for Updates page. When the procedure is finished, select More, then select Accept.
- You can finally disable Xiaomi’s Google account verification when the Setup Complete page appears.
Part 4: How To Bypass Vivo X90S FRP With ADB Command on a PC?
ADB and Fastboots, which stand for Android Debug Bridge and Android Debug Bridge, respectively, are two ways that a computer can communicate with an Android smartphone. The commands and actions delivered by the system are carried out on your Android device using this technique.
Depending on the OS version, the Google FRP lock can be removed using a variety of commands using the flexible ADB command-line tool and Fastboots. This software uses a client-server architecture and a client that transmits commands.
- Download the ADB installed setup file first, and then extract the toolkit files to a folder on your computer.
- Run adb.setup.exe next, and then press Y to accept the prompt to install the ADB drivers.
- When the drivers have been successfully installed, type Y once more, and the command window will close.
- Next, please turn on your Android device and connect it to your PC using a USB cord. Ensure your Android device’s USB debugging mode is also on here.
- Then, while holding down the Shift key, right-click somewhere that is empty in the ADB folder and select the Open command window here.
- Then, to delete the FRP, run the following lines one at a time at the command prompt, pressing enter after each line. Below is the code for CMD.
- Your Android device’s FRP lock will be removed following the execution of the commands.
Part 5: How To Disable FRP Vivo X90S?
Disabling FRP on Vivo X90S/Poco devices is relatively simple. Once you’ve removed the Google account from your device, the FRP lock will be disabled, and you’ll no longer need to bypass Vivo FRP.
- Go to “Settings” from the menu.
- Go down the page and click “Accounts & Sync.”
- To delete a Google account, tap on it.
- Confirm your selection of “Remove Account” by clicking.
- You might be asked to enter your device password or PIN to finish the process.
Summary
In conclusion, unlocking Vivo X90S FRP can be difficult, but it can be done quickly with the correct tools. You can either use the traditional method, which may prove quite long. We would recommend using the Vivo FRP bypass tool. The top Vivo X90S Google FRP Unlock tools, such as Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) , have been covered in this article. Since Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) is an all-in-one solution for Samsung, Xiaomi, Redmi, Oppo, Realme, Vivo FRP unlocking, we advise readers to give it a try.
- Title: In 2024, The Complete Guide to Vivo X90S FRP Bypass Everything You Need to Know
- Author: Lynn
- Created at : 2024-07-15 09:14:32
- Updated at : 2024-07-16 09:14:32
- Link: https://bypass-frp.techidaily.com/in-2024-the-complete-guide-to-vivo-x90s-frp-bypass-everything-you-need-to-know-by-drfone-android/
- License: This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.